Refractory Testing:
Refractoriness under load (RUL) and
Creep in compression (CIC)
Modulus of Rupture (HMOR)
Refractoriness (PCE)
Thermal Conductivity (TCT)
Special strength-testing methods have been established for refractory ceramics, which are of a mostly heterogeneous composition. The Refractoriness under Load (RUL) and Creep in Compression (CIC) identify the deformation resistance of a test piece under a defined load and temperature/time factors. The modulus of rupture at high temperatures (HMOR) is determined with a hot modulus of rupture tester. The melting behavior of these heterogeneous ceramics is determined indirectly through comparison with so-called Seger cones (PCE – Pyrometric Cone Equivalent). These all conform to the pertinent instrument and applications standards, e.g. ISO 1893, ISO 3187, ISO 5013, DIN EN 993-7/8/9/12/14/15, DIN 51048, DIN 51053, DIN 51063, DIN 51046, ISO 8894-1, ISO 8894-2, ASTM C 1113.
HMOR 422 D/3 - Apparatus for testing MORThe modulus of rupture of refractory ceramics is determined as the amount of force applied to a rectangular test piece of specific dimensions until failure occurs. The HMOR 422 hot modulus of rupture apparatus are used to measure the failure load as well as bending under load or deformation force.
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PCE 428 - Pyrometric Cone EquivalentDetermination of the melting point of refractory materials is only possible indirectly through comparison with the softening of standard cones. In the PCE 428, the pyrometric cone equivalent can be ascertained visually up to a maximum temperature of 1700°C.
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TCT 426 - Thermal Conductivity Tester: furnace/hot-wire methodThe TCT 426 works according to the hot wire method and is especially designed for the investigation of refractory rock. The measuring cross, parallel wire, and T(R) methods can be used in the instrument. The TCT 426 is indispensable for the efficient use of energy in industrial kiln engineering with refractories.
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